Antje Blum M.A.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer that mainly affects children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 20, during the period of rapid bone growth. Clinically, high-grade osteosarcomas are associated with a poorer prognosis because they tend to be more aggressive and metastasise more rapidly. They require intensive treatment regimens that often include a combination of chemotherapy, surgery and, in some cases, radiotherapy. The rare disease often means invasive procedures such as surgery or even amputations for patients. In addition, the tumours often spread to other organs, especially the lungs. For more than 40 years, there has been little progress in treating osteosarcoma – mainly because the complex genetic changes that underlie the disease are not well understood. Now, a groundbreaking new study published recently in Cell [1] has identified a mechanism that occurs in around 50% of cases of high-grade osteosarcoma and contributes to the extreme genetic instability of these tumours. We spoke to the study‘s co-author and group leader at EMBL‘s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Dr. Isidro Cortes-Ciriano (Fig. 1).